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AxisAngle.h
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1 // @(#)root/mathcore:$Id$
2 // Authors: W. Brown, M. Fischler, L. Moneta 2005
3 
4 /**********************************************************************
5  * *
6  * Copyright (c) 2005 , LCG ROOT MathLib Team *
7  * *
8  * *
9  **********************************************************************/
10 
11 // Header file for class AxisAngle
12 //
13 // Created by: Lorenzo Moneta at Wed May 11 10:37:10 2005
14 //
15 // Last update: Wed May 11 10:37:10 2005
16 //
17 #ifndef ROOT_Math_GenVector_AxisAngle
18 #define ROOT_Math_GenVector_AxisAngle 1
19 
25 #include <algorithm>
26 #include <cassert>
27 
28 
29 namespace ROOT {
30 namespace Math {
31 
32 
33 //__________________________________________________________________________________________
34  /**
35  AxisAngle class describing rotation represented with direction axis (3D Vector) and an
36  angle of rotation around that axis.
37 
38  @ingroup GenVector
39 
40  */
41 class AxisAngle {
42 
43 public:
44 
45  typedef double Scalar;
46 
47  /**
48  definition of vector axis
49  */
51 
52 
53  /**
54  Default constructor (axis is z and angle is zero)
55  */
56  AxisAngle() : fAxis(0,0,1), fAngle(0) { }
57 
58  /**
59  Construct from a non-zero vector (x,y,z) and an angle.
60  Precondition: the Vector needs to implement x(), y(), z(), and unit()
61  */
62  template<class AnyVector>
63  AxisAngle(const AnyVector & v, Scalar angle) :
64  fAxis(v.unit()), fAngle(angle) { }
65 
66  /**
67  Construct given a pair of pointers or iterators defining the
68  beginning and end of an array of four Scalars, to be treated as
69  the x, y, and z components of a unit axis vector, and the angle
70  of rotation.
71  Precondition: The first three components are assumed to represent
72  the rotation axis vector and the 4-th the rotation angle.
73  The angle is assumed to be in the range (-pi,pi].
74  The axis vector is automatically normalized to be a unit vector
75  */
76  template<class IT>
77  AxisAngle(IT begin, IT end) { SetComponents(begin,end); }
78 
79  // The compiler-generated copy ctor, copy assignment, and dtor are OK.
80 
81  /**
82  Re-adjust components to eliminate small deviations from the axis
83  being a unit vector and angles out of the canonical range (-pi,pi]
84  */
85  void Rectify();
86 
87  // ======== Construction From other Rotation Forms ==================
88 
89  /**
90  Construct from another supported rotation type (see gv_detail::convert )
91  */
92  template <class OtherRotation>
93  explicit AxisAngle(const OtherRotation & r) {gv_detail::convert(r,*this);}
94 
95 
96  /**
97  Assign from another supported rotation type (see gv_detail::convert )
98  */
99  template <class OtherRotation>
100  AxisAngle & operator=( OtherRotation const & r ) {
101  gv_detail::convert(r,*this);
102  return *this;
103  }
104 
105  // ======== Components ==============
106 
107  /**
108  Set the axis and then the angle given a pair of pointers or iterators
109  defining the beginning and end of an array of four Scalars.
110  Precondition: The first three components are assumed to represent
111  the rotation axis vector and the 4-th the rotation angle.
112  The angle is assumed to be in the range (-pi,pi].
113  The axis vector is automatically normalized to be a unit vector
114  */
115  template<class IT>
116 #ifndef NDEBUG
117  void SetComponents(IT begin, IT end) {
118 #else
119  void SetComponents(IT begin, IT ) {
120 #endif
121  IT a = begin; IT b = ++begin; IT c = ++begin;
122  fAxis.SetCoordinates(*a,*b,*c);
123  fAngle = *(++begin);
124  assert (++begin==end);
125  // re-normalize the vector
126  double tot = fAxis.R();
127  if (tot > 0) fAxis /= tot;
128  }
129 
130  /**
131  Get the axis and then the angle into data specified by an iterator begin
132  and another to the end of the desired data (4 past start).
133  */
134  template<class IT>
135 #ifndef NDEBUG
136  void GetComponents(IT begin, IT end) const {
137 #else
138  void GetComponents(IT begin, IT ) const {
139 #endif
140  IT a = begin; IT b = ++begin; IT c = ++begin;
141  fAxis.GetCoordinates(*a,*b,*c);
142  *(++begin) = fAngle;
143  assert (++begin==end);
144  }
145 
146  /**
147  Get the axis and then the angle into data specified by an iterator begin
148  */
149  template<class IT>
150  void GetComponents(IT begin) const {
151  double ax,ay,az = 0;
152  fAxis.GetCoordinates(ax,ay,az);
153  *begin++ = ax;
154  *begin++ = ay;
155  *begin++ = az;
156  *begin = fAngle;
157  }
158 
159  /**
160  Set components from a non-zero vector (x,y,z) and an angle.
161  Precondition: the Vector needs to implement x(), y(), z(), and unit()
162  */
163  template<class AnyVector>
164  void SetComponents(const AnyVector & v, Scalar angle) {
165  fAxis=v.unit();
166  fAngle=angle;
167  }
168 
169  /**
170  Set components into a non-zero vector (x,y,z) and an angle.
171  The vector is intended to be a cartesian dispalcement vector
172  but any vector class assignable from one will work.
173  */
174  template<class AnyVector>
175  void GetComponents(AnyVector & axis, Scalar & angle) const {
176  axis = fAxis;
177  angle = fAngle;
178  }
179 
180  /**
181  accesss to rotation axis
182  */
183  AxisVector Axis() const { return fAxis; }
184 
185  /**
186  access to rotation angle
187  */
188  Scalar Angle() const { return fAngle; }
189 
190  // =========== operations ==============
191 
192  /**
193  Rotation operation on a cartesian vector
194  */
196  XYZVector operator() (const XYZVector & v) const;
197 
198  /**
199  Rotation operation on a displacement vector in any coordinate system
200  */
201  template <class CoordSystem, class Tag>
204  DisplacementVector3D< Cartesian3D<double> > xyz(v.X(), v.Y(), v.Z());
207  vNew.SetXYZ( rxyz.X(), rxyz.Y(), rxyz.Z() );
208  return vNew;
209  }
210 
211  /**
212  Rotation operation on a position vector in any coordinate system
213  */
214  template <class CoordSystem, class Tag>
219  return PositionVector3D<CoordSystem,Tag> ( rxyz );
220  }
221 
222  /**
223  Rotation operation on a Lorentz vector in any 4D coordinate system
224  */
225  template <class CoordSystem>
229  xyz = operator()(xyz);
230  LorentzVector< PxPyPzE4D<double> > xyzt (xyz.X(), xyz.Y(), xyz.Z(), v.E());
231  return LorentzVector<CoordSystem> ( xyzt );
232  }
233 
234 
235  /**
236  Rotation operation on an arbitrary vector v.
237  Preconditions: v must implement methods x(), y(), and z()
238  and the arbitrary vector type must have a constructor taking (x,y,z)
239  */
240  template <class ForeignVector>
241  ForeignVector
242  operator() (const ForeignVector & v) const {
245  return ForeignVector ( rxyz.X(), rxyz.Y(), rxyz.Z() );
246  }
247 
248  /**
249  Overload operator * for rotation on a vector
250  */
251  template <class AVector>
252  inline
253  AVector operator* (const AVector & v) const
254  {
255  return operator()(v);
256  }
257 
258  /**
259  Invert an AxisAngle rotation in place
260  */
261  void Invert() { fAngle = -fAngle; }
262 
263  /**
264  Return inverse of an AxisAngle rotation
265  */
266  AxisAngle Inverse() const { AxisAngle result(*this); result.Invert(); return result; }
267 
268  // ========= Multi-Rotation Operations ===============
269 
270  /**
271  Multiply (combine) two rotations
272  */
273  AxisAngle operator * (const Rotation3D & r) const;
274  AxisAngle operator * (const AxisAngle & a) const;
275  AxisAngle operator * (const EulerAngles & e) const;
276  AxisAngle operator * (const Quaternion & q) const;
277  AxisAngle operator * (const RotationZYX & r) const;
278  AxisAngle operator * (const RotationX & rx) const;
279  AxisAngle operator * (const RotationY & ry) const;
280  AxisAngle operator * (const RotationZ & rz) const;
281 
282  /**
283  Post-Multiply (on right) by another rotation : T = T*R
284  */
285  template <class R>
286  AxisAngle & operator *= (const R & r) { return *this = (*this)*r; }
287 
288 
289  /**
290  Distance between two rotations
291  */
292  template <class R>
293  Scalar Distance ( const R & r ) const {return gv_detail::dist(*this,r);}
294 
295  /**
296  Equality/inequality operators
297  */
298  bool operator == (const AxisAngle & rhs) const {
299  if( fAxis != rhs.fAxis ) return false;
300  if( fAngle != rhs.fAngle ) return false;
301  return true;
302  }
303  bool operator != (const AxisAngle & rhs) const {
304  return ! operator==(rhs);
305  }
306 
307 private:
308 
309  AxisVector fAxis; // rotation axis (3D vector)
310  Scalar fAngle; // rotation angle
311 
312  void RectifyAngle();
313 
314  static double Pi() { return 3.14159265358979323; }
315 
316 }; // AxisAngle
317 
318 // ============ Class AxisAngle ends here ============
319 
320 /**
321  Distance between two rotations
322  */
323 template <class R>
324 inline
325 typename AxisAngle::Scalar
326 Distance ( const AxisAngle& r1, const R & r2) {return gv_detail::dist(r1,r2);}
327 
328 /**
329  Multiplication of an axial rotation by an AxisAngle
330  */
331 AxisAngle operator* (RotationX const & r1, AxisAngle const & r2);
332 AxisAngle operator* (RotationY const & r1, AxisAngle const & r2);
333 AxisAngle operator* (RotationZ const & r1, AxisAngle const & r2);
334 
335 /**
336  Stream Output and Input
337  */
338  // TODO - I/O should be put in the manipulator form
339 
340 std::ostream & operator<< (std::ostream & os, const AxisAngle & a);
341 
342 } // namespace Math
343 } // namespace ROOT
344 
345 
346 #endif /* ROOT_Math_GenVector_AxisAngle */
Class describing a generic LorentzVector in the 4D space-time, using the specified coordinate system ...
Definition: LorentzVector.h:48
double dist(Rotation3D const &r1, Rotation3D const &r2)
Definition: 3DDistances.cxx:48
DisplacementVector3D< CoordSystem, Tag > & SetCoordinates(const Scalar src[])
Set internal data based on a C-style array of 3 Scalar numbers.
Scalar R() const
Polar R, converting if necessary from internal coordinate system.
DisplacementVector3D< Cartesian3D< Scalar > > AxisVector
definition of vector axis
Definition: AxisAngle.h:50
DisplacementVector3D< CoordSystem, Tag > & SetXYZ(Scalar a, Scalar b, Scalar c)
set the values of the vector from the cartesian components (x,y,z) (if the vector is held in polar or...
Namespace for new ROOT classes and functions.
Definition: TFoamSampler.h:19
AVector operator*(const AVector &v) const
Overload operator * for rotation on a vector.
Definition: AxisAngle.h:253
AxisAngle()
Default constructor (axis is z and angle is zero)
Definition: AxisAngle.h:56
Rotation class representing a 3D rotation about the Z axis by the angle of rotation.
Definition: RotationZ.h:43
void SetComponents(const AnyVector &v, Scalar angle)
Set components from a non-zero vector (x,y,z) and an angle.
Definition: AxisAngle.h:164
bool operator!=(const AxisAngle &rhs) const
Definition: AxisAngle.h:303
Class describing a generic position vector (point) in 3 dimensions.
Rotation class with the (3D) rotation represented by angles describing first a rotation of an angle p...
Definition: RotationZYX.h:61
AxisAngle(const OtherRotation &r)
Construct from another supported rotation type (see gv_detail::convert )
Definition: AxisAngle.h:93
Rotation class with the (3D) rotation represented by a unit quaternion (u, i, j, k).
Definition: Quaternion.h:47
void GetComponents(IT begin, IT end) const
Get the axis and then the angle into data specified by an iterator begin and another to the end of th...
Definition: AxisAngle.h:136
std::ostream & operator<<(std::ostream &os, const AxisAngle &a)
Stream Output and Input.
Definition: AxisAngle.cxx:91
AxisAngle class describing rotation represented with direction axis (3D Vector) and an angle of rotat...
Definition: AxisAngle.h:41
Scalar X() const
Cartesian X, converting if necessary from internal coordinate system.
Rotation class representing a 3D rotation about the Y axis by the angle of rotation.
Definition: RotationY.h:43
AxisAngle(const AnyVector &v, Scalar angle)
Construct from a non-zero vector (x,y,z) and an angle.
Definition: AxisAngle.h:63
void SetComponents(IT begin, IT end)
Set the axis and then the angle given a pair of pointers or iterators defining the beginning and end ...
Definition: AxisAngle.h:117
Scalar Z() const
Cartesian Z, converting if necessary from internal coordinate system.
Scalar Y() const
Cartesian Y, converting if necessary from internal coordinate system.
DisplacementVector3D< Cartesian3D< double >, DefaultCoordinateSystemTag > XYZVector
Rotation operation on a cartesian vector.
Definition: AxisAngle.h:195
Scalar E() const
return 4-th component (time, or energy for a 4-momentum vector)
AxisAngle & operator*=(const R &r)
Post-Multiply (on right) by another rotation : T = T*R.
Definition: AxisAngle.h:286
AxisVector Axis() const
accesss to rotation axis
Definition: AxisAngle.h:183
void Rectify()
Re-adjust components to eliminate small deviations from the axis being a unit vector and angles out o...
Definition: AxisAngle.cxx:47
Class describing a generic displacement vector in 3 dimensions.
Scalar Angle() const
access to rotation angle
Definition: AxisAngle.h:188
SVector< double, 2 > v
Definition: Dict.h:5
DisplacementVector3D unit() const
Rotation class representing a 3D rotation about the X axis by the angle of rotation.
Definition: RotationX.h:43
void Invert()
Invert an AxisAngle rotation in place.
Definition: AxisAngle.h:261
Rotation class with the (3D) rotation represented by a 3x3 orthogonal matrix.
Definition: Rotation3D.h:65
void convert(R1 const &, R2 const)
Definition: 3DConversions.h:41
void GetCoordinates(Scalar &a, Scalar &b, Scalar &c) const
get internal data into 3 Scalar numbers
void GetComponents(IT begin) const
Get the axis and then the angle into data specified by an iterator begin.
Definition: AxisAngle.h:150
bool operator==(const AxisAngle &rhs) const
Equality/inequality operators.
Definition: AxisAngle.h:298
EulerAngles class describing rotation as three angles (Euler Angles).
Definition: EulerAngles.h:43
XYZVector operator()(const XYZVector &v) const
AxisAngle(IT begin, IT end)
Construct given a pair of pointers or iterators defining the beginning and end of an array of four Sc...
Definition: AxisAngle.h:77
you should not use this method at all Int_t Int_t Double_t Double_t Double_t e
Definition: TRolke.cxx:630
void GetComponents(AnyVector &axis, Scalar &angle) const
Set components into a non-zero vector (x,y,z) and an angle.
Definition: AxisAngle.h:175
Namespace for new Math classes and functions.
AxisAngle Inverse() const
Return inverse of an AxisAngle rotation.
Definition: AxisAngle.h:266
Scalar Distance(const R &r) const
Distance between two rotations.
Definition: AxisAngle.h:293
AxisAngle & operator=(OtherRotation const &r)
Assign from another supported rotation type (see gv_detail::convert )
Definition: AxisAngle.h:100
you should not use this method at all Int_t Int_t Double_t Double_t Double_t Int_t Double_t Double_t Double_t Double_t b
Definition: TRolke.cxx:630
DefaultCoordinateSystemTag Default tag for identifying any coordinate system.
constexpr Double_t R()
Universal gas constant ( ) in
Definition: TMath.h:299
::ROOT::Math::DisplacementVector3D< Cartesian3D< Scalar > > Vect() const
get the spatial components of the Vector in a DisplacementVector based on Cartesian Coordinates ...
static double Pi()
Definition: AxisAngle.h:314